International Journal of Business, Humanities, Education and Social Sciences (IJBHES)

The Role of Artificial Intelligence Powered Drones In Strengthening Counter-Banditry Operations in North West Nigeria

Ayoola Olayiwola Richard, Aisha Ajoke Abdussalam, Praise Fisayo Duyile — Tue, 30 Jun 2026 22:51:16 +0700

The rapid pace of technological advancement has led to more complex warfare, with uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs), commonly known as drones, becoming central to military operations worldwide. The paper assesses the impact of AI-powered drones on improving counter-banditry efforts in North-West Nigeria. In this region, armed banditry has severely affected security and socio-economic stability. Using Network-Centric Warfare (NCW) Theory as its theoretical basis, the study explores how AI-driven unmanned aerial systems (UAS) can enhance real-time intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR), thereby facilitating quicker decision-making and better-coordinated actions among Nigerian security personnel. The paper employed a qualitative methodology, examining secondary data from journal articles, government documents, military publications, newspapers, and case studies on the use of AI and drones in conflict areas. The findings indicate that AI-enhanced drones can greatly improve target identification, predictive analytics, and rapid response capabilities, ultimately bolstering Nigeria’s counter-banditry initiatives in the North West of Nigeria. The study concludes with policy suggestions for incorporating AI-driven drone technology into Nigeria’s security framework while addressing ethical and legal issues.

Chinese American Identity in the Novels of Amy Tan

Gordan Matas — Tue, 30 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This paper analyzes the role of ethnicity and identity in the works of Chinese American author Amy Tan. Her first two novels, The Joy Luck Club and The Kitchen God’s Wife, are discussed from the perspective of ethnic, multicultural, and cultural studies. Tan’s works provide detailed and sincere insight into the lives of first- and second-generation Chinese immigrants in the United States. Tan’s novels provide a lot of information on ethnicity and identity, as well as on the Chinese American community in general. This work aims to show that immigrants do not necessarily lose their ethnic identity while living in the United States. Moreover, they frequently strive to preserve their original culture, sometimes adapting it to their new environment. They want to retain their own cultural and ethnic heritage as well as their personal identity, while assimilating into the new country and new circumstances. By employing comparative and contrastive analysis of selected Tan novels, this paper will show how Tan, in a unique way, negotiated the relationship between ethnicity and identity in her novels. Tan's rendering of ethnic identity has not been addressed in this way previously, and this study contributes to a more thorough understanding of Tan's work.

Indonesian Patients' Revisit Intention to Singapore Hospitals

Vinelya Tan, Renza Fahlevi, Fitriana Aidnilla Sinambela — Tue, 30 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Medical tourism has become one of the most dynamic sectors within the global tourism industry, particularly in Asia. Singapore has emerged as a leading medical tourism destination due to its advanced medical infrastructure, internationally accredited healthcare professionals, strong regulatory framework, and high standards of safety and security. Indonesian patients constitute one of the largest contributors seeking treatment in Singapore, driven by trust in service quality and perceived reliability of healthcare outcomes. This study investigates the influence of safety and security, price reasonableness, and word-of-mouth communication on medical tourism destination image and examines its effect on revisit intention among Indonesian patients. A quantitative research design was employed, with data collected through an online questionnaire targeting individuals who had previously received medical treatment in Singapore. The data were analyzed using SmartPLS through measurement and structural model evaluations. Results show that a positive destination image strongly predicts revisit intention, and that all three external elements have a significant positive effect on destination image. These findings emphasize the importance of developing a trustworthy, secure, and competitively priced medical environment to foster patient loyalty. The study also recommends future research to incorporate additional mediating variables such as trust, perceived medical service quality, and patient motivation to improve the robustness of the model.

Digital Literacy and Self-Directed English Learning Behaviors among Generation Z Students in Vocational Animal Health

Tue, 30 Jun 2026 23:49:26 +0700

The rapid integration of digital technology in education makes it essential to examine how digital literacy influences students’ learning behaviors, particularly among Generation Z who are often assumed to be inherently digitally competent. However, previous studies tend to emphasize technical skills and access, while overlooking how these competencies translate into autonomous learning practices. This study addresses this gap by investigating the relationship between digital literacy and self-directed English learning among first-year students of the Animal Health Study Program in a vocational higher education context. Using a descriptive quantitative design, data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics to identify patterns across digital skills, exposure, and learning behaviors. The analysis involved categorizing responses into key dimensions and interpreting trends to answer the research questions. The findings reveal a discrepancy between high digital exposure and low engagement in autonomous English learning, highlighting that digital familiarity does not necessarily foster independent learning. This study contributes by emphasizing the need to integrate critical digital literacy and learner autonomy in instructional design. Future research is recommended to employ inferential analysis and mixed methods to further explore this relationship and to develop more effective pedagogical strategies.

Environmental Performance and Financial Performance on Greenwashing Practices

Patricia Paramitha Suci, Maria Paramastri Hayuning Adi, Irfana Rahma Dzikria — Tue, 30 Jun 2026 23:50:55 +0700

Greenwashing has emerged as an increasingly critical concern as stakeholders demand stronger corporate environmental accountability, particularly within the energy sector given its substantial environmental footprint. The disparity between environmental disclosure and actual environmental performance risks misleading stakeholders and undermining the effectiveness of climate-related policies. This study examines the effects of environmental performance and financial performance on greenwashing practices, with particular attention to the moderating role of financial performance in this relationship. The research gap addressed here stems from inconsistent findings in prior studies and the scarcity of empirical evidence from the Indonesian context. Employing a quantitative approach, this study draws on secondary data from energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2021–2023 period. A purposive sampling technique yielded a final sample of 36 companies, corresponding to 108 firm-year observations. Data were analyzed using panel data regression with an interaction model in Stata. Greenwashing was measured via a greenwashing index, environmental performance was proxied by environmental capital expenditure relative to revenue, and financial performance was assessed using Return on Assets (ROA). The results indicate that environmental performance has a positive and significant effect on greenwashing practices, whereas financial performance exerts no significant direct effect. Notably, financial performance significantly moderates the relationship between environmental performance and greenwashing: the negative coefficient of the interaction term suggests that stronger financial performance attenuates the positive association between environmental performance and greenwashing behavior. Based on these findings, this study recommends enhancing the quality of sustainability disclosure and adopting output-based environmental performance indicators in future research.

Turning Risk Reports into Action: A Critical Review of Behavioral Barriers to Effective Enterprise Risk Management

Tri Gunarsih, Muh Arief Effendi, Fran Sayekti — Tue, 07 Jul 2026 15:49:16 +0700

This article provides a critical review of why enterprise risk management (ERM) often fails to turn risk reports into timely risk actions. Drawing on behavioral finance (prospect theory) and bounded rationality, we explain how cognitive biases and attention constraints distort risk appraisal (probability/impact estimation and prioritization) and risk response (mitigation execution and escalation), creating a persistent gap in risk reporting and action. Agency theory and upper echelons theory clarify how incentive misalignment and executive biases shape organizational risk-taking, while institutional theory highlights ERM decoupling between formal structures and actual decision practices. We synthesize these perspectives into an integrative framework that positions ERM maturity and risk culture as mechanisms that can either transmit or buffer the effects of bias. Finally, the review then outlines a toolkit of bias-aware risk controls, standardized scenario framing, pre-mortems, independent challenge, action triggers, and stop-loss/kill criteria to strengthen strategic decision discipline.