Comparative Analysis of Indonesia-China High Speed Train and KTX Korea-France
A Sustainable Development for Locals or Reconfiguring Other Interests
Keywords:
China, High-Speed Train, Indonesia, Korea, France, Cooperation
Abstract
This study undermines a recent development of joint-cooperation between Indonesia and China regarding the high-speed railway and its supporting constructions. New dedicated railway, train technology, and Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) are part of the initial project, which planned concurrently along the projected area. All of these new railways and TODs are new and distant from already built residences and business centers. This study breakdown how the Indonesia-China High-Speed Train project was initiated and explaining vital factors that surround it. Reflecting on how Korea and France dealt with KTX (Korean Train Express) project, the TODs, railways, and train technology compare to the Indonesia-China High-Speed Train project, the Indonesia-China project appears not sustainable and driven by another political and economical will.
References
[1] W. Salim and S. D. Negara, "Why is the High-Speed Rail Project So Important to Indonesia?," ISEAS Perspective No. 16, p. 2016.
[2] I. Rezkisari, "Bangun Kereta Cepat, Konsorsium BUMN-Cina Dibentuk," Republika, 2015. [Online]. Available: https://republika.co.id/berita/ekonomi/makro/15/10/16/nwarda328-bangun-kereta-cepat-konsorsium-bumn-cina-dibentuk.
[3] F. D. Sutianto, "Pengembang Kereta Cepat Jakarta-Bandung Suntik Modal Rp 1,25 T," Detik.com, 2016. [Online]. Available: https://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/d-3116023/pengembang-kereta-cepatjakarta-bandung-suntik-modal-rp-125-t. [Accessed 3 April 2019].
[4] Kementerian Hukum dan HAM, "Perpres No.3/2016". Jakarta 2016.
[5] Kementerian Hukum dan HAM, "Peraturan Pemerintah [PP] No. 26/2008". Jakarta 2008.
[6] KS PusLit BKD, "Kontroversi Izin Lingkungan Proyek Kereta Cepat Jakarta-Bandung," 2016. [Online]. Available: https://www.academia.edu/28836139/04_Kontroversi_Izin_Lingkungan_ProyekKereta_Cepat_Jakarta-Bandung. [Accessed 12 July 2019].
[7] J. Kim, "Discriminant Impact of Transit Station Location on Office Rent and Land Value in Seoul: An Application of Spatial Econometrics," Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, vol. 41, pp. 219-245, 2007.
[8] J. Won, "Multicriteria Evaluation Approaches to Urban Transportation Projects," Urban Studies, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 119-138, 1990.
[9] A. D. R. &. R. J. Cadena, "The Growing Economic Power of Cities," Journal of International Affairs, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 1-17, 2012.
[10] J. Singh and M. Marx, "Geographic Constraints on Knowledge Spill-overs: Political Borders vs. Spatial Proximity," INSEAD, 2012.
[11] T. Lavery and P. Kanaroglou, "Rediscovering light rail: assessing the potential impacts of a light rail transit line on transit-oriented development and transit ridership," Transportation Letters, vol. 4:4, pp. 211-226, 2012.
[12] K. Yang and D. Pojani, "A Decade of Transit Oriented Development Policies in Brisbane, Australia: Development and Land-Use Impacts," Urban Policy and Research, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 347-362, 2017.
[13] R. Falconer and E. Richardson, "Rethinking urban land use and transport planning–opportunities for transit-oriented development in Australian cities case study Perth," Australian Planner, vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 1-13, 2010.
[14] J. L. Renne, "From transit-adjacent to transit-oriented development," Local Environment, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 1-15, 2009.
[15] W. Huang and B. Shuai, "Approach and application on high-speed train stop plan for better passenger transfer efficiency: the China case," International Journal of Rail Transportation, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 55-78, 2019.
[16] I. Chang and G. Chang, "A network‐based model for estimat-ing the market share of a new high‐speed rail system," Transportation Planning and Technology, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 67-90, 2004.
[17] S. Robertson, "High-speed rail's potential for the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from shorthaul aviation: a longitudinal study of modal substitution from an energy generation and renewable energy perspective," Transportation Planning and Technology, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 395-412, 2013.
[18] S. Lim, "ow Beneficial Would the Construction of a Rason-Hunchun Sub-Regional Economic Cooperation Zone in the Northeast Asian Borderlands Be?," North Korean Review, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 63-81, 2015.
[19] PT. Kereta Cepat Indonesia China, "Konsep Pembangunan Terintegrasi," 2016. [Online]. Available: http://kcic.co.id/konsep-pembangunan-terintegrasi. [Accessed 13 July 2019].
[20] E. A. Syailendra, "Indonesia’s High-Speed Rail: A China-Japan Scramble for Influence? RSIS Commentary No. 269," 9 December 2015. [Online]. Available: http://futuredirections.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/CO15269.pdf.. [Accessed 23 July 2019].
[21] H. Yafei, "China's Overcapacity Crisis Can Spur Growth Through Overseas Expansion," 2014. [Online]. Available: https://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-opinion/article/1399681/chinas-overcapacity-crisis-can-spur-growth-through-overseas. [Accessed 22 July 2019].
[22] S. D. Suh., "RISK MANAGEMENT IN A LARGE-SCALE NEW RAILWAY TRANSPORT SYSTEM PROJECT: Evaluation of Korean High-Speed Railway Expe-rience.," IATSS Research, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 53-63, 2000.
[23] N.-G. C. Chung and Jin-Kyu, "High-speed rail construction of Korea and its impact," KRIHS Special Report Series, Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements. Anyang, 2008.
[24] H. Conolly, "KTX Opens for Commercial Service," 2004. [Online]. Available: https://www.alstom.com/press-releases-news/2004/4/KTX-opens-for-commercial-service-20040401. [Accessed 17 July 2019].
[25] DoDo, "KTX: of delays and ambitions," 2010. [Online]. Available: https://www.eurotrib.com/story/2010/10/30/20724/383. [Accessed 19 July 2019].
[26] H. L. Moon and Dae-Sop, "Next Generation of Korean Train Express (KTX): Prospect and Strategies," Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, vol. 5, pp. 255-262, 2005.
[27] M. A. Kuo, "Jokowi 2.0: Indonesia Amid US-China Competition," 2019. [Online]. Available: from https://thediplomat.com/2019/11/jokowi-2-0-indonesia-amid-us-china-competition/. [Accessed 30 November 2019].
[28] B. Prasetiyo, "Pengamat: Proyek Kereta Cepat Merusak Lingkungan," 2016. [Online]. Available: https://bisnis.tempo.co/read/738527/pengamat-proyek-kereta-cepat-merusak-lingkungan. [Accessed 12 July 2019].
[2] I. Rezkisari, "Bangun Kereta Cepat, Konsorsium BUMN-Cina Dibentuk," Republika, 2015. [Online]. Available: https://republika.co.id/berita/ekonomi/makro/15/10/16/nwarda328-bangun-kereta-cepat-konsorsium-bumn-cina-dibentuk.
[3] F. D. Sutianto, "Pengembang Kereta Cepat Jakarta-Bandung Suntik Modal Rp 1,25 T," Detik.com, 2016. [Online]. Available: https://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/d-3116023/pengembang-kereta-cepatjakarta-bandung-suntik-modal-rp-125-t. [Accessed 3 April 2019].
[4] Kementerian Hukum dan HAM, "Perpres No.3/2016". Jakarta 2016.
[5] Kementerian Hukum dan HAM, "Peraturan Pemerintah [PP] No. 26/2008". Jakarta 2008.
[6] KS PusLit BKD, "Kontroversi Izin Lingkungan Proyek Kereta Cepat Jakarta-Bandung," 2016. [Online]. Available: https://www.academia.edu/28836139/04_Kontroversi_Izin_Lingkungan_ProyekKereta_Cepat_Jakarta-Bandung. [Accessed 12 July 2019].
[7] J. Kim, "Discriminant Impact of Transit Station Location on Office Rent and Land Value in Seoul: An Application of Spatial Econometrics," Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, vol. 41, pp. 219-245, 2007.
[8] J. Won, "Multicriteria Evaluation Approaches to Urban Transportation Projects," Urban Studies, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 119-138, 1990.
[9] A. D. R. &. R. J. Cadena, "The Growing Economic Power of Cities," Journal of International Affairs, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 1-17, 2012.
[10] J. Singh and M. Marx, "Geographic Constraints on Knowledge Spill-overs: Political Borders vs. Spatial Proximity," INSEAD, 2012.
[11] T. Lavery and P. Kanaroglou, "Rediscovering light rail: assessing the potential impacts of a light rail transit line on transit-oriented development and transit ridership," Transportation Letters, vol. 4:4, pp. 211-226, 2012.
[12] K. Yang and D. Pojani, "A Decade of Transit Oriented Development Policies in Brisbane, Australia: Development and Land-Use Impacts," Urban Policy and Research, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 347-362, 2017.
[13] R. Falconer and E. Richardson, "Rethinking urban land use and transport planning–opportunities for transit-oriented development in Australian cities case study Perth," Australian Planner, vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 1-13, 2010.
[14] J. L. Renne, "From transit-adjacent to transit-oriented development," Local Environment, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 1-15, 2009.
[15] W. Huang and B. Shuai, "Approach and application on high-speed train stop plan for better passenger transfer efficiency: the China case," International Journal of Rail Transportation, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 55-78, 2019.
[16] I. Chang and G. Chang, "A network‐based model for estimat-ing the market share of a new high‐speed rail system," Transportation Planning and Technology, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 67-90, 2004.
[17] S. Robertson, "High-speed rail's potential for the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from shorthaul aviation: a longitudinal study of modal substitution from an energy generation and renewable energy perspective," Transportation Planning and Technology, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 395-412, 2013.
[18] S. Lim, "ow Beneficial Would the Construction of a Rason-Hunchun Sub-Regional Economic Cooperation Zone in the Northeast Asian Borderlands Be?," North Korean Review, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 63-81, 2015.
[19] PT. Kereta Cepat Indonesia China, "Konsep Pembangunan Terintegrasi," 2016. [Online]. Available: http://kcic.co.id/konsep-pembangunan-terintegrasi. [Accessed 13 July 2019].
[20] E. A. Syailendra, "Indonesia’s High-Speed Rail: A China-Japan Scramble for Influence? RSIS Commentary No. 269," 9 December 2015. [Online]. Available: http://futuredirections.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/CO15269.pdf.. [Accessed 23 July 2019].
[21] H. Yafei, "China's Overcapacity Crisis Can Spur Growth Through Overseas Expansion," 2014. [Online]. Available: https://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-opinion/article/1399681/chinas-overcapacity-crisis-can-spur-growth-through-overseas. [Accessed 22 July 2019].
[22] S. D. Suh., "RISK MANAGEMENT IN A LARGE-SCALE NEW RAILWAY TRANSPORT SYSTEM PROJECT: Evaluation of Korean High-Speed Railway Expe-rience.," IATSS Research, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 53-63, 2000.
[23] N.-G. C. Chung and Jin-Kyu, "High-speed rail construction of Korea and its impact," KRIHS Special Report Series, Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements. Anyang, 2008.
[24] H. Conolly, "KTX Opens for Commercial Service," 2004. [Online]. Available: https://www.alstom.com/press-releases-news/2004/4/KTX-opens-for-commercial-service-20040401. [Accessed 17 July 2019].
[25] DoDo, "KTX: of delays and ambitions," 2010. [Online]. Available: https://www.eurotrib.com/story/2010/10/30/20724/383. [Accessed 19 July 2019].
[26] H. L. Moon and Dae-Sop, "Next Generation of Korean Train Express (KTX): Prospect and Strategies," Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, vol. 5, pp. 255-262, 2005.
[27] M. A. Kuo, "Jokowi 2.0: Indonesia Amid US-China Competition," 2019. [Online]. Available: from https://thediplomat.com/2019/11/jokowi-2-0-indonesia-amid-us-china-competition/. [Accessed 30 November 2019].
[28] B. Prasetiyo, "Pengamat: Proyek Kereta Cepat Merusak Lingkungan," 2016. [Online]. Available: https://bisnis.tempo.co/read/738527/pengamat-proyek-kereta-cepat-merusak-lingkungan. [Accessed 12 July 2019].
Submitted
2020-05-20
Accepted
2020-11-04
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0