Urbanization and Microclimate Change: A Case Study of Bukit Halimun, Luwuk
Abstract
Urbanization is a process that occurs when the population in urban areas continues to rise, often accompanied by the development of infrastructure and other constructions within the urban scope. While urbanization brings various benefits such as economic growth and technological advancement, it also has negative impacts on the urban microclimate. These include the continuous reduction of green spaces leading to higher temperatures in the area and creating discomfort for humans, air pollution, declining air quality in urban environments, and potential health risks. Cities are expected to accommodate various activities of their residents, including housing, work, and recreation. With limited land available and a growing population, the demand for land increases. This situation inevitably leads to changes in land use within urban areas, where green spaces shrink over time. This study employs a deductive quantitative method with an evaluative approach, utilizing object modelling, simulation, and analysis through the Envi-MET software. This method is used to assess the impact of urbanization on microclimate changes, considering variables such as air temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity, which can affect outdoor thermal comfort levels. The research is focused on the Bukit Halimun Area, Luwuk City, Banggai Regency, Central Sulawesi. In 2007, the local government of Banggai Regency issued a policy for the Building and Environmental Planning for the Bukit Halimun area, covering a total planning area of 92 hectares. This area is intended for the development of office, residential, commercial, and educational zones.
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